Showing posts with label vim. Show all posts
Showing posts with label vim. Show all posts
Thursday, August 14, 2014
Removing the vim error: viminfo: Illegal starting char in line
Find hidden file .viminfo in your home and rename to viminfo-backup. It will be recreated automatically.
This file contains the history of all the vim editor records i.e the files edited and the arguments you used inside the editor etc.
From ref http://www.golinuxhub.com/2014/04/how-to-fix-e575-viminfo-illegal.html
Thursday, December 5, 2013
Running UNIX shell commands from vim
To run a single UNIX command use the command:
:!UNIX_commandYou can start a shell from within vi and use it as you would your usual UNIX environment, then exit the shell and return to vi
To start up a shell enter the command:
:shThe type of shell that is started is determined by the $SHELL variable. You can specify that some other shell is to be started by setting the vi shell option
Return to using vi by entering the command exit or Ctrl-D
Shell Functions
| :! cmd | Executes shell command cmd; you can add these special characters to indicate:% name of current file# name of last file edited |
| !! cmd | Executes shell command cmd, places output in file starting at current line |
| :!! | Executes last shell command |
| :r! cmd | Reads and inserts output from cmd |
| :f file | Renames current file to file |
| :w !cmd | Sends currently edited file to cmd as standard input and execute cmd |
| :cd dir | Changes current working directory to dir |
| :sh | Starts a sub-shell (CTRL-d returns to editor) |
| :so file | Reads and executes commands in file (file is a shell script) |
| !Motion_cmd | Sends text from current position to Motion Command to shell command cmd |
| !}sort | Sorts from current position to end of paragraph and replaces text with sorted text |
Displaying vi option values
To display the current value of all options enter the command:
:set all
To display the value of those options whose values have been reset from their default enter the command:
:set
Change an option value temporarily
To change a the value of an option temporarily:
:set option_name
or:
:set option_name=value
This sets the value of the option until you quit vi.
Change an option value permanently
To make a lasting change, create a file named .exrc, containing the set commands, in your home directory. The next time you use vi these options will take effect and will remain in force until you edit the .exrcfile to change them.
You can, of course, temporarily change the value of any option.
Examples of setting vi options permanently
1. To set a number of options place the set commands in the file .exrc.
set ic set number set sh=/usr/local/bin/Tcsh set wm=5
This sets vi to:
- ignore the case of characters in searches
- display line numbers
- use the TC shell to execute UNIX commands
- wrap text five characters from the right edge
of the screen
2. Options can also be set using the environment variable EXINIT.
setenv EXINIT 'set ic number sh=/usr/local/bin/Tcsh wm=5'
For the C and TC shell user, this sets the same options as in the example above.
If there is a .exrc file owned by you in your home directory or the current directory, vi will take its option values from this and not from the EXINIT environment variable.
Friday, May 7, 2010
vim with ctags
========================vimrc===========================
Folding
augroup vimrc au BufReadPre * setlocal foldmethod=indent au BufWinEnter * if &fdm == 'indent' | setlocal foldmethod=manual | endif augroup END
Color scheme
:colorscheme koehler
" An example for a vimrc file.
"
" Maintainer: Bram Moolenaar
" Last change: 2008 Jul 02
"
" To use it, copy it to
" for Unix and OS/2: ~/.vimrc
" for Amiga: s:.vimrc
" for MS-DOS and Win32: $VIM\_vimrc
" for OpenVMS: sys$login:.vimrc
:set wrap " Text wrapping
:set number " Line numbering
:set mouse=a " Mouse active
:set tabstop=3 " Tab as 4 spaces
:set expandtab " All tabs are spaces
":set autoindent " automatically indenting your code in structures like loops and procedures.
:set shiftwidth=4 " select a block of code and change its indentation level
:set shiftround " indent/outdent to nearest tabstops
syntax on
set noswapfile
set nobackup
:set noai
:setlocal noautoindent
:setlocal nocindent
:setlocal nosmartindent
filetype plugin on
let Tlist_Ctags_Cmd = "/home/xviengu/bin/ctags"
let Tlist_WinWidth = 50
map
:nnoremap
":set tags=~/vobs/HW/Project/tags
:set tags=./tags,tags,~/vobs/HW/Project/tags
" show matching brackets
autocmd FileType perl set showmatch
let perl_fold=1
let perl_fold_blocks=1
" Note, perl automatically sets foldmethod in the syntax file
autocmd Syntax c,cpp,cxx,vim,xml,html,xhtml setlocal foldmethod=syntax
autocmd Syntax c,cpp,cxx,vim,xml,html,xhtml,perl normal zR
" When started as "evim", evim.vim will already have done these settings.
if v:progname =~? "evim"
finish
endif
" Use Vim settings, rather then Vi settings (much better!).
" This must be first, because it changes other options as a side effect.
set nocompatible
" allow backspacing over everything in insert mode
set backspace=indent,eol,start
if has("vms")
set nobackup " do not keep a backup file, use versions instead
else
set backup " keep a backup file
endif
set history=50 " keep 50 lines of command line history
set ruler " show the cursor position all the time
set showcmd " display incomplete commands
set incsearch " do incremental searching
" For Win32 GUI: remove 't' flag from 'guioptions': no tearoff menu entries
" let &guioptions = substitute(&guioptions, "t", "", "g")
" Don't use Ex mode, use Q for formatting
map Q gq
" CTRL-U in insert mode deletes a lot. Use CTRL-G u to first break undo,
" so that you can undo CTRL-U after inserting a line break.
inoremap
" In many terminal emulators the mouse works just fine, thus enable it.
if has('mouse')
set mouse=a
endif
" Switch syntax highlighting on, when the terminal has colors
" Also switch on highlighting the last used search pattern.
if &t_Co > 2 || has("gui_running")
syntax on
set hlsearch
endif
" Only do this part when compiled with support for autocommands.
if has("autocmd")
" Enable file type detection.
" Use the default filetype settings, so that mail gets 'tw' set to 72,
" 'cindent' is on in C files, etc.
" Also load indent files, to automatically do language-dependent indenting.
filetype plugin indent on
" Put these in an autocmd group, so that we can delete them easily.
augroup vimrcEx
au!
" For all text files set 'textwidth' to 78 characters.
autocmd FileType text setlocal textwidth=78
" When editing a file, always jump to the last known cursor position.
" Don't do it when the position is invalid or when inside an event handler
" (happens when dropping a file on gvim).
" Also don't do it when the mark is in the first line, that is the default
" position when opening a file.
autocmd BufReadPost *
\ if line("'\"") > 1 && line("'\"") <= line("$") |
\ exe "normal! g`\"" |
\ endif
augroup END
else
set autoindent " always set autoindenting on
endif " has("autocmd")
" Convenient command to see the difference between the current buffer and the
" file it was loaded from, thus the changes you made.
" Only define it when not defined already.
if !exists(":DiffOrig")
command DiffOrig vert new | set bt=nofile | r # | 0d_ | diffthis
\ | wincmd p | diffthis
endif
======================================================
ctags -R *
ctrl ] ===> jump from function call to function definition
ctrl t ===> go back
ctrl i and ctrl o ===> travel to forward and backward of the check points
refers the curses.h which is located at /usr/include/ by using symbolic link
ln -s /usr/include/curses.h curses.h
and run ctags -R * again
ref more, more (perl tag, sh tag)
ref vim, ctags more
How should I set up tag files for a multi-level directory hierarchy?
Taglist: Source Code Browser
Vim cmd: ctags, tags file, Moving through a program...
Wednesday, May 5, 2010
Vim for developers
set nobackup #no backup files
set nowritebackup #only in case you don't want a backup file while editing
set noswapfile #no swap filesgood for ref:: http://www.danielmiessler.com/study/vim/
To turn off autoindent when you paste code, there's a special "paste" mode.
Type
:set paste
Then paste your code. Note that the text in the tooltip now says
-- INSERT (paste) --.
After you pasted your code, turn off the paste-mode, so that auto-indenting when you type works correctly again.
:set nopaste
Put the following in your vimrc (change to whatever key you want):
set pastetoggle=
Using VIM which terminal type is dtterm
syntax enable
"colorscheme darkblue
"colorscheme morning
colorscheme desert <<<<< good
Make sure ~/.vim/colors has desert.vim
show full path: press 1 then Ctrl + g
OR
set title
set laststatus=2
"""""""set statusline+=%F
set statusline+=%f
http://www.cs.rit.edu/~cslab/vi.html
http://www.lagmonster.org/docs/vi2.html
General Startup To use vi: vi filename To exit vi and save changes: ZZ or :wq To exit vi without saving changes: :q! To enter vi command mode: [esc] Counts A number preceding any vi command tells vi to repeat that command that many times. Cursor Movement h move left (backspace) j move down k move up l move right (spacebar) [return] move to the beginning of the next line $ last column on the current line 0 move cursor to the first column on the current line ^ move cursor to first nonblank column on the current line w move to the beginning of the next word or punctuation mark W move past the next space b move to the beginning of the previous word or punctuation mark B move to the beginning of the previous word, ignores punctuation e end of next word or punctuation mark E end of next word, ignoring punctuation H move cursor to the top of the screen M move cursor to the middle of the screen L move cursor to the bottom of the screen Screen Movement G move to the last line in the file xG move to line x z+ move current line to top of screen z move current line to the middle of screen z- move current line to the bottom of screen ^F move forward one screen ^B move backward one line ^D move forward one half screen ^U move backward one half screen ^R redraw screen ( does not work with VT100 type terminals ) ^L redraw screen ( does not work with Televideo terminals ) Inserting r replace character under cursor with next character typed R keep replacing character until [esc] is hit i insert before cursor a append after cursor A append at end of line O open line above cursor and enter append mode Deleting x delete character under cursor dd delete line under cursor dw delete word under cursor db delete word before cursor Copying Code yy (yank)'copies' line which may then be put by the p(put) command. Precede with a count for multiple lines. Put Command brings back previous deletion or yank of lines, words, or characters P bring back before cursor p bring back after cursor Find Commands ? finds a word going backwards / finds a word going forwards f finds a character on the line under the cursor going forward F finds a character on the line under the cursor going backwards t find a character on the current line going forward and stop one character before it T find a character on the current line going backward and stop one character before it ; repeat last f, F, t, T Miscellaneous Commands . repeat last command u undoes last command issued U undoes all commands on one line xp deletes first character and inserts after second (swap) J join current line with the next line ^G display current line number % if at one parenthesis, will jump to its mate mx mark current line with character x 'x find line marked with character x NOTE: Marks are internal and not written to the file. Line Editor Mode Any commands form the line editor ex can be issued upon entering line mode. To enter: type ':' To exit: press[return] or [esc] ex Commands For a complete list consult the UNIX Programmer's Manual READING FILES copies (reads) filename after cursor in file currently editing :r filename WRITE FILE :w saves the current file without quitting MOVING :# move to line # :$ move to last line of file SHELL ESCAPE executes 'cmd' as a shell command. :!'cmd'
Vim for Perl developers
Vim tutorial
1 "set cursorline
2
3 nnoremap QQ :q!
4 nnoremap
5 set pastetoggle=F3
6 set showmode
7
8 " enable the plugin for Vim editor.
9 filetype plugin on
1 " Sets how many lines of history VIM has to remember
2 set history=1700
3
4 " line number
5 set number
6
7 " Set to auto read when a file is changed from the outside
8 set autoread
9
10 "Always show current position
11 set ruler
12
13 " Configure backspace so it acts as it should act
14 set backspace=eol,start,indent
15 set whichwrap+=<,>,h,l
16
17 " Highlight search results
18 set hlsearch
19
20 " Makes search act like search in modern browsers
21 set incsearch
22
23 " Show matching brackets when text indicator is over them
24 set showmatch
25 " How many tenths of a second to blink when matching brackets
26 set mat=2
27
28 " Enable syntax highlighting
29 syntax enable
30
31 " Turn backup off, since most stuff is in SVN, git et.c anyway...
32 set nobackup
33 set nowb
34 set noswapfile
35
36 " Use spaces instead of tabs
37 set expandtab
38
39 " Be smart when using tabs ;)
40 set smarttab
41
42 " 1 tab == 3 spaces
43 set shiftwidth=3
44 set tabstop=3
45
46 " Always show the status line
47 set laststatus=2
46 " Always show the status line
47 set laststatus=2
48
49 " Format the status line
50 " set statusline=\ %{HasPaste()}%F%m%r%h\ %w\ \ CWD:\ %r%{getcwd()}%h\ \ \ Line:\ %1
51
52
61 " Taglist variables
62 " Display function name in status bar:
63 let g:ctags_statusline=1
64 " Automatically start script
65 let generate_tags=1
66 " Displays taglist results in a vertical window:
67 let Tlist_Use_Horiz_Window=0
68 " Shorter commands to toggle Taglist display
69 nnoremap TT :TlistToggle
70 map
71 " Various Taglist diplay config:
72 let Tlist_Use_Right_Window = 0
73 let Tlist_Compact_Format = 1
74 let Tlist_Exit_OnlyWindow = 1
75 let Tlist_GainFocus_On_ToggleOpen = 1
76 let Tlist_File_Fold_Auto_Close = 1
Sample .vimrc:
:set wrap " Text wrapping
:set number " Line numbering
:set mouse=a " Mouse active
:set tabstop=4 " Tab as 4 spaces
:set expandtab " All tabs are spaces
:set autoindent " automatically indenting your code in structures like loops and procedures.
:set shiftwidth=4 " select a block of code and change it’s indentation level
:set shiftround " indent/outdent to nearest tabstops
syntax on
hi LineNr ctermfg=darkcyan
hi LineNr ctermfg=darkred
set noswapfile
set nobackup
" show matching brackets
autocmd FileType perl set showmatch
"set foldmethod=marker
"nmap
let perl_fold=1
let perl_fold_blocks=1
Example .vimrc
.vimrc
A collection of .vimrc files
Update VIM plugin
cscope for vim:
cscope for large project: Using Cscope on large projects
Cursor movement
- h - move left
- j - move down
- k - move up
- l - move right
- w - jump by start of words (punctuation considered words)
- W - jump by words (spaces separate words)
- e - jump to end of words (punctuation considered words)
- E - jump to end of words (no punctuation)
- b - jump backward by words (punctuation considered words)
- B - jump backward by words (no punctuation)
- 0 - (zero) start of line
- ^ - first non-blank character of line
- $ - end of line
- G - Go To command (prefix with number - 5G goes to line 5)
From http://www.worldtimzone.com/res/vi.html
Insert Mode - Inserting/Appending text
- i - start insert mode at cursor
- I - insert at the beginning of the line
- a - append after the cursor
- A - append at the end of the line
- o - open (append) blank line below current line (no need to press return)
- O - open blank line above current line
- ea - append at end of word
- Esc - exit insert mode
Editing
- r - replace a single character (does not use insert mode)
- J - join line below to the current one
- cc - change (replace) an entire line
- cw - change (replace) to the end of word
- c$ - change (replace) to the end of line
- s - delete character at cursor and subsitute text
- S - delete line at cursor and substitute text (same as cc)
- xp - transpose two letters (delete and paste, technically)
- u - undo
- . - repeat last command
Marking text (visual mode)
- v - start visual mode, mark lines, then do command (such as y-yank)
- V - start Linewise visual mode
- o - move to other end of marked area
- Ctrl+v - start visual block mode
- O - move to Other corner of block
- aw - mark a word
- ab - a () block (with braces)
- aB - a {} block (with brackets)
- ib - inner () block
- iB - inner {} block
- Esc - exit visual mode
Visual commands
- > - shift right
- < - shift left
- y - yank (copy) marked text
- d - delete marked text
- ~ - switch case
Cut and Paste
- yy - yank (copy) a line
- 2yy - yank 2 lines
- yw - yank word
- y$ - yank to end of line
- p - put (paste) the clipboard after cursor
- P - put (paste) before cursor
- dd - delete (cut) a line
- dw - delete (cut) the current word
- x - delete (cut) current character
Exiting
- :w - write (save) the file, but don't exit
- :wq - write (save) and quit
- :q - quit (fails if anything has changed)
- :q! - quit and throw away changes
Search/Replace
- /pattern - search for pattern
- ?pattern - search backward for pattern
- n - repeat search in same direction
- N - repeat search in opposite direction
- :%s/old/new/g - replace all old with new throughout file
- :%s/old/new/gc - replace all old with new throughout file with confirmations
Working with multiple files
- :e filename - Edit a file in a new buffer
- :bnext (or :bn) - go to next buffer
- :bprev (of :bp) - go to previous buffer
- :bd - delete a buffer (close a file)
- :sp filename - Open a file in a new buffer and split window
- ctrl+ws - Split windows
- ctrl+ww - switch between windows
- ctrl+wq - Quit a window
- ctrl+wv - Split windows vertically
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " Maintainer: " Amir Salihefendic " http://amix.dk - amix@amix.dk " " Version: " 5.0 - 29/05/12 15:43:36 " " Blog_post: " http://amix.dk/blog/post/19691#The-ultimate-Vim-configuration-on-Github " " Awesome_version: " Get this config, nice color schemes and lots of plugins! " " Install the awesome version from: " " https://github.com/amix/vimrc " " Syntax_highlighted: " http://amix.dk/vim/vimrc.html " " Raw_version: " http://amix.dk/vim/vimrc.txt " " Sections: " -> General " -> VIM user interface " -> Colors and Fonts " -> Files and backups " -> Text, tab and indent related " -> Visual mode related " -> Moving around, tabs and buffers " -> Status line " -> Editing mappings " -> vimgrep searching and cope displaying " -> Spell checking " -> Misc " -> Helper functions " """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " => General """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " Sets how many lines of history VIM has to remember set history=700 " Enable filetype plugins filetype plugin on filetype indent on " Set to auto read when a file is changed from the outside set autoread " With a map leader it's possible to do extra key combinations " likew saves the current file let mapleader = "," let g:mapleader = "," " Fast saving nmap <leader>w :w!<cr> """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " => VIM user interface """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " Set 7 lines to the cursor - when moving vertically using j/k set so=7 " Turn on the WiLd menu set wildmenu " Ignore compiled files set wildignore=*.o,*~,*.pyc "Always show current position set ruler " Height of the command bar set cmdheight=2 " A buffer becomes hidden when it is abandoned set hid " Configure backspace so it acts as it should act set backspace=eol,start,indent set whichwrap+=<,>,h,l " Ignore case when searching set ignorecase " When searching try to be smart about cases set smartcase " Highlight search results set hlsearch " Makes search act like search in modern browsers set incsearch " Don't redraw while executing macros (good performance config) set lazyredraw " For regular expressions turn magic on set magic " Show matching brackets when text indicator is over them set showmatch " How many tenths of a second to blink when matching brackets set mat=2 " No annoying sound on errors set noerrorbells set novisualbell set t_vb= set tm=500 """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " => Colors and Fonts """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " Enable syntax highlighting syntax enable colorscheme desert set background=dark " Set extra options when running in GUI mode if has("gui_running") set guioptions-=T set guioptions+=e set t_Co=256 set guitablabel=%M\ %t endif " Set utf8 as standard encoding and en_US as the standard language set encoding=utf8 " Use Unix as the standard file type set ffs=unix,dos,mac """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " => Files, backups and undo """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " Turn backup off, since most stuff is in SVN, git et.c anyway... set nobackup set nowb set noswapfile """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " => Text, tab and indent related """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " Use spaces instead of tabs set expandtab " Be smart when using tabs ;) set smarttab " 1 tab == 4 spaces set shiftwidth=4 set tabstop=4 " Linebreak on 500 characters set lbr set tw=500 set ai "Auto indent set si "Smart indent set wrap "Wrap lines """""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " => Visual mode related """""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " Visual mode pressing * or # searches for the current selection " Super useful! From an idea by Michael Naumann vnoremap <silent> * :call VisualSelection('f')<CR> vnoremap <silent> # :call VisualSelection('b')<CR> """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " => Moving around, tabs, windows and buffers """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " Treat long lines as break lines (useful when moving around in them) map j gj map k gk " Mapto / (search) and Ctrl- map <space> / map <c-space> ? " Disable highlight whento ? (backwards search) map <silent> <leader><cr> :noh<cr> " Smart way to move between windows map <C-j> <C-W>j map <C-k> <C-W>k map <C-h> <C-W>h map <C-l> <C-W>l " Close the current buffer map <leader>bd :Bclose<cr> " Close all the buffers map <leader>ba :1,1000 bd!<cr> " Useful mappings for managing tabs map <leader>tn :tabnew<cr> map <leader>to :tabonly<cr> map <leader>tc :tabclose<cr> map <leader>tm :tabmove " Opens a new tab with the current buffer's path " Super useful when editing files in the same directory map <leader>te :tabedit <c-r>=expand("%:p:h")<cr>/ " Switch CWD to the directory of the open buffer map <leader>cd :cd %:p:h<cr>:pwd<cr> " Specify the behavior when switching between buffers try set switchbuf=useopen,usetab,newtab set stal=2 catch endtry " Return to last edit position when opening files (You want this!) autocmd BufReadPost * \ if line("'\"") > 0 && line("'\"") <= line("$") | \ exe "normal! g`\"" | \ endif " Remember info about open buffers on close set viminfo^=% """""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " => Status line """""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " Always show the status line set laststatus=2 " Format the status line set statusline=\ %{HasPaste()}%F%m%r%h\ %w\ \ CWD:\ %r%{getcwd()}%h\ \ \ Line:\ %l """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " => Editing mappings """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " Remap VIM 0 to first non-blank character map 0 ^ " Move a line of text using ALT+[jk] or Comamnd+[jk] on mac nmap <M-j> mz:m+<cr>`z nmap <M-k> mz:m-2<cr>`z vmap <M-j> :m'>+<cr>` is pressed mzgv`yo`z vmap <M-k> :m'<-2 class="Special" span="span" style="color: #e0c060;"><
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